Essay on Pharmacotherapy in Drug Addiction - 1382 Words

Addiction is a dependence on a substance where the individual who is affected feels defenseless and unable to stop the obsession to use a substance or prevent a particular behavior. Millions of Americans have addictions to drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and even to behaviors such as obsessive gambling. Pharmacotherapy is a treatment process in which a counselor can use a particular drug to counter act an addictive drug or behavior. Not all counselors agree with this type of treatment. However in order to provide a client with an ethical treatment and unbiased opinions they should be made aware of all scientific evidence of different treatment options. â€Å"Thus, attention to addiction pharmacotherapy is an ethical mandate no matter what prejudices†¦show more content†¦One of the old school medicines used to defer the drinking of alcohol is Disulfiram (Antabuse). Disulfiram is a behavioral intervention in pill form taken on a daily basis that an individual takes to prevent the c learance of alcohol as it is broken down in an individual’s body after they drink. Disulfiram will prevent an individual from drinking because if they drink while taking the drug they will have such a bad reaction they will want to stop the negative behavior of drinking. Because of the alcohol element built up in their blood as it goes through their body the reactions an individual will experience are headache, nausea, vomiting, high, or low blood pressure, and palpitations(Arias Kranzler, n.d). The individual can be quite sick for an extended period of time. In as much disulfiram will stay in an individuals system for One to two weeks. Therefore, if an individual decides they want to stop taking disulfiram the individual still would have to wait a period of time before drinking alcohol or the reactions will still occur. Disulfiram is a behavioral intervention to prevent the drinking from continuing. There is no cure for alcoholism. However, disulfiram can affect the outco me of alcoholism treatment. The side effects for using disulfiram are the first couple of weeks the individual may feel tired and over a period of time an individual may develop a metallic taste in their mouth. However, the taste will go awayShow MoreRelatedAddiction : The Opiate Addiction Crisis921 Words   |  4 Pages The opiate addiction crisis in the US In recent years, chronic pain has been affecting millions of Americans. Whether it is headaches or backaches, chronic pain can be continuous and excruciating for many. Pain management and relief have been mainly treated with prescriptions of opiates. However, people don’t realize that the number of deaths caused by over dosing has increased. This prevalence of prescribing opiates to aid chronic pain has triggered an addiction problem across the US. AlthoughRead MoreEffectiveness Of 4 Psychotherapies During The Treatment Of Cocaine Dependent Patients817 Words   |  4 Pageset al10 designed a trial to determine the effectiveness of 4 psychotherapies in the treatment of cocaine-dependent patients. In this multicenter study, 487 patients were randomized into one of the four treatment groups: individual drug counseling (IDC) plus group drug counseling (GDC), CBT plus GDC, SE plus GDC or GDC alone. Intervention included a 6 month active phase of treatment and a 3 month booster pha se and follow-up of 3 months. All treatment groups recorded significant improvements from baselineRead MoreThe Rates Of Abortion794 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest, but also for the fact that I really wanted to see if my opinion would change based on psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy alone. This article’s purpose is to look over the rates between treatment refusal and premature termination in psychotherapy alone, pharmacotherapy alone, and their combination. Treatment refusal is a particular type of therapy, either psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy, that the client does not begin, after being offered at an intervention. According to research, this can beRead MoreQuestions On Systemic Forces Of Oppression1403 Words   |  6 Pagesare individuals stuck in the situation that they are currently in. Applied Definition: The over the counter drug abuser would disclose personal details from the past or present that could have possibly had an impact on their decision to use drugs. Objective: The learner should be able to identify one situation in their life that can be attributed to their misuse of over the counter drugs. Activities: (1) Open letter In the following activity the client would be given approximately three daysRead MoreRelapse in Substance Abuse Treatment Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesRelapse Prevention in Substance Abuse Treatment In relation to drug abuse, relapse is resuming the use of a chemical substance or drug after a period of abstinence. The term can be said to be a landmark feature of a combination of substance abuse and substance independence. The propensity for dependency, repeated use, and tendencies that take the form of the substance being used, are some of the issues that drug users’ experience. Substances that enhance most severe tendencies in users and pose highRead MoreTeenage Drug Abuse Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage drug abuse is an issue that can result from a wide variety of social influences, stressful events, and mental disorders. Drug abuse among adolescents is a troubling issue because it decreases focus, increases the chance of consistency in behavior during adulthood, increases the chances of developing emotional issues, permanently damages the brain, and damages tissues in every system that can lead to death. Previous scientific research has identified that social fa ctors, including the mediaRead MoreSubstance Abuse Is A Brain Disease766 Words   |  4 PagesFindings Substance Abuse is a brain disease While the choice to use alcohol and drugs is initially voluntary, alcohol and/or drug addiction arises because the normal functioning of the brain is impaired so that alcoholism and drug addiction become a â€Å"chronic relapsing disease of the brain† (National Institute of Drug Abuse, Drugs, Brains and Behavior. The Science of Addiction. 2014, 5). Drugs impact the pathways of the brain by flooding the circuit with dopamine, which disturbs and distorts normalRead MoreThe Addict By Michael Stein1746 Words   |  7 Pagesbuprenorphine as the primary prescribed drug for opiate users, he also refers to methadone treatment. The effectiveness of buprenorphine was shown through the book and how it is, with the help of adequate social and medical support, a viable option with regards to treating opiate addiction. Addiction to opiates is developing and continues to be a large problem in many countries. Substitution for such opiates in pharmacotherapy has shown to reduce the use of illicit drugs and the potential criminal behaviorRead MoreSolutions for the Choice of my Addiction1293 Words   |  6 Pagesand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III). Moreover, the US Surgeon General finally declared that cigarette smoking is an addiction in their 1988 report. However, there are still many people who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases due to tobacco and/or nicotine dependence and they ultimately reduce their life expectancy because of this addiction. Why are people not aware of such physical hazard when there have been validated reports that are publicized, stressing the risk ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On Adolescents1651 Words   |  7 Pagescommon bad decision is substance use and abuse. Although drug and alcohol use is common and many users don’t de velop a dependence on the substances, the adolescents who end up developing the disorders of substance abuse and dependence make substance use a major public health concern (Sanchez-Samper, Knight, p. 83). Substance abuse can lead to many developmental problems in adolescents. Problems experienced by adolescents who use alcohol and drugs include â€Å"impaired peer relations, depression, anxiety

Essay about Same Sex Marriage Controversy in the United...

In a very real sense, it is reasonable to argue that the government should have no say at all in the processes of marriage, or decide which adults may or may not legally marry. State and federal governments play a role, of course, in that marriage is a civil union, and provides benefits and legal protections for the couple. Historically, marriage serves the interests of the society by promoting stability and future generations of citizens, and governments usually act in ways to promote this very vital element. At the same time, it is highly questionable whether this governmental authority should have any voice in who chooses to marry, provided those involved are adults and wish to do so. This is in fact, at the heart of the same-sex†¦show more content†¦As noted, the technical legal question to be addressed is whether the federal government or individual states have the right to legalize or prohibit same-sex marriage. To claim that this exact question is increasingly a publi c concern is to understate the issue. It may be ironic but, as the controversy has grown in recent years, there seems to be more of a demand from the society that the issue be settled once and for all, and for that eyes turn to federal authority. This came to a head in the presidential campaigns of 2013, as same-sex marriage became a â€Å"hot button† issue actually defining voter sympathies as either liberal or conservative (Levendusky 42). In plain terms, the Mitt Romney campaign directly appealed to conservative populations opposed to, or perceived as opposed to, gay marriage; the Obama reelection efforts not unexpectedly countered this with an appeal to more liberal factions, which typically favor same-sex unions. The differences in approach aside, the clear fact remains that the nation was emphatically looking to its highest leadership to make a decision, which in turn would lead to federal recognition or denial of same-sex marriage. This situation was some time in comin g, as events in recent years amplifiedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Recognizing Same-Sex Marriage1565 Words   |  7 PagesRecognizing Same-Sex Marriage Same-sex marriage is a huge controversy between Americans across the Country. In thirty-three states marriage is defined as a â€Å"union between a man and a woman†. For seventeen states in the U.S. this definition has been changed because every citizen should be treated equally according to the constitution and this also violates the Equal Protection Clause. It became possible for people of the same-sex to marry when it was stated to be unconstitutional. Denying marriage is denyingRead MoreControversial Topic of Same-Sex Marriage797 Words   |  3 PagesResearcher (CQR) issued a report covering the issue of gay marriage. In their article, Gay Marriage, the CQR discusses the controversy of curbs on same-sex marriage, as well as if the Supreme Court will end these curbs. Within this larger controversy of same-sex marriage, the CQR points out four issues dealing with the topic at hand. The first issue questions whether the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) improperly denies federal benefits to same sex couples. Another issue covered in the report is if CaliforniaRead MoreShould Same-Sex Couples Be Allowed to Adopt? Essays838 Words   |  4 Pagesnormal, many same-sex couples want to have a family and for some the only option is adoption. Well, same-sex adoption is not legal in most places which makes this dream for some impossible. This caused controversy between same-sex couples and the general public who believes that same-sex adoption should remain illegal. Ultimately, same-sex adoption should be legal. The same-sex controversy is one of the many results from the slow process of gay marriage becoming legalized in various states across theRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized1617 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluences, marriage was considered to be between man and woman holding a physical and spiritual bond between each other, not between man and man and woman and woman. Some may see marriage as between two people of the same gender, or what is known as same-sex marriage. This form of marriage became popular in the U.S. during the 1960’s and 1970’s due to the urge of legalization coming from many American citizens at the time. (â€Å"The Long Road to Marriage Equality†) Same-sex marriage became state-legal inRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized1562 Words   |  7 Pages~ Busse Same-Sex Debate Essay ~ Ever since the time when America studied family values and focused on healthy and important influences, marriage was considered to be between man and woman holding a physical and spiritual bond between each other, not between man and man and woman and woman. Some may see marriage as between two people of the same gender, or what is known as same-sex marriage. This form of marriage became popular in the U.S. during the 1960’s and 1970’s due to the urge of legalizationRead MoreSame Sex Marriage and Politics in the U.S. Essay800 Words   |  4 PagesRecently, Same Sex Marriage has become a major issue in the United States. There are variations in opinions concerning the topic. The main concern is should same sex marriage be allowed or declared unconstitutional. Plenty of conservatives are completely against gay marriage and many of liberals are fighting for equal treatment. Many controversies and arguments have developed from this issue. There are many reasons why gay marriage should be legal or illegal. The people who oppose same sex marriageRead MoreEquality for All: Gay Marriage Essay1430 Words   |  6 Pagesmajority† were usually victorious. With that said, there is an inevitable future for the homosexual community to be eventually equal to everyone else. The question remains, what justifies the right for a gay couple to have the same benefits as a heterosexual couple? Gay marriage has been a wide spread issue for quite a bit of time and multiple arguments have been made as to why it should not occur, but none of them stand valid against rights provided by the constitution. Many individuals are quite passionateRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Is Not The Law Of The Land1510 Words   |  7 PagesOctober 2014 Same-Sex Marriage According to Dr. James Dobson, founder of Focus on the Family, If traditional marriage is not the law of the land, the institution of the family will cease to exist. Traditional marriage is a legal union of a man and woman as husband and wife. Inside the court rooms and outside, citizens of the United States battle out their differences between heterosexual and homosexual marriage; one reason for this is because the frequency of relationships involving same-sex couplesRead MoreThe Debate Over Same Sex Marriage1181 Words   |  5 PagesToday’s society is all about controversy, whether it is political controversy or social controversy, society thrives on it. What is more controversial in today’s society than same sex marriage? It is a topic that has battered Americans for decades, and just recently has it been decided that same sex marriage and relations is awarded by the constitution. Before this it was at states discretion whether or not to allow those of the same sex to marry. But, on June 26, 2015 the Supreme Court ruled thatRead MoreLegal Reasons For Gay Marriage889 Words   |  4 Pagesalso 1049 rights intend for same-sex couples, these rights include: â€Å"hospital care choices for yourself and your partner; power of attorney for you and your partner; right to visit your partner in the ICU; rights to retirement plan decisions; rights to survivor benefits from social security, and the list continues.† (TPF Student Action). The US Supreme Court on June 26th, 2015 ruled that the US Constitution grant the right for same-sex couples to marry in all of the 50 states in the US. Associate Justice

An Exploratory Study of Myanmar Culture Free Essays

Hofstede originally identified four dimensions of culture: power distance, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance. Power distance represents the degree of a culture’s acceptance of inequality among its members. Individualism and collectivism represent a culture’s main focus, being either the importance of the individual or the group. We will write a custom essay sample on An Exploratory Study of Myanmar Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Masculinity and femininity represents the stereotypical characteristics of men and women as being the dominant cultural values. Uncertainty avoidance is essentially a collective tolerance for ambiguity for a culture. Later research with Michael Bond (Hofstede Bond 1988) added a fifth dimension called long-term Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn. com/abstract=1114625 orientation. This dimension, originally called Confucian Dynamism, measures the preferences of a culture for a long-term and traditional view of time. Hofstede’s work has attracted a number of critics. Some have expressed concerns about the generalizability of the sample, the level of analysis, the comparison of political boundaries (countries) to culture, and the validity of the instrument (Mc Sweeney 2002; Smith 2002). Others have challenged the assumption of the homogeneity of each studied culture (Sivakumar Nakata 2001). The additional dimension of long-term orientation (LTO) has been challenged on the grounds of conceptual validity (Fang 2003). While many of the concerns raised by his critics can be considered to have some validity, Hofstede’s research, nevertheless, represents the most comprehensive analysis of cultural values to date. This paper provides a preliminary look into the cultural assessment of a country not included in the Hofstede data set. Myanmar is located in Southeast Asia, bordering Thailand, China, India, and Laos. The country, formerly called Burma, gained its independence from Britain at the end of World War II, after a hard fought struggle with the colonial power and the Japanese invaders. Burmese nationalist and national hero, Aung San fought for his country’s independence and for democratic rule (Khng 2000). His daughter, Nobel Peace Prize winner, Aung San Suu Kyi continues the struggle today inside Myanmar, even as she lives under house arrest. While Myanmar interacts with its ASEAN neighbors, a number of Western countries have placed economic sanctions on the country for its lack of democracy. These sanctions have limited foreign investment and other forms of economic exchange. A military junta has ruled the country for the past 17 years and the country has operated in various states of isolation from the world over those years. As a result of its isolation, very little research has been conducted on its culture or values orientation. How to cite An Exploratory Study of Myanmar Culture, Papers

Introduction to marketing free essay sample

Market Research is the process of gathering, analysing and interpreting information about a market. You can be talking about a product or service to be offered for sale in that specific market and about the past, present and potential customers for the product or service. Market Research Includes: †¢Primary Research †¢Secondary Research †¢Quantitative Research †¢Qualitative Research †¢Uses of Market Research †¢Limitation of Market Research Primary research: This is where there is no data available for the researcher so they have to start from scratch. This means that the company needs to design questionnaires, collect data from respondents and then analyze the answers. Secondary Research: This process involves collecting data from either the originator or a distributor of primary research. The main way to gather secondary research is usually to look at the sales records and other records of competitors that have been around for longer to obtain an understanding of the market that you are going into, in other words, accessing information already gathered, old sales reports, accounting records and many others, falls under the heading of secondary research. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to marketing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Quantitative research is when companies create surveys and customer questionnaires. This can help small companies to improve their brand, products and services by enabling the public to take the decisions. It is important to survey people in fairly large numbers to get a better statistics and probability that people really want the service or the product, or if the company needs improvement in some areas. Qualitative research: aims to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that they act with such. This method investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where and when. This data is based on opinions rather than facts and figures this can also help make a link between the business and the customers. Uses of market research: The purpose of market research is to gather data on customers and potential customers. The collected data aids business decision making. This therefore reduces the risks involved in making these decisions. This information can be used to design new innovative products, help create a comfortable and friendly environment etc. Limitation of Market Research: No matter how small or large a market research project may be, any type of research performed poorly will not give relevant results. In fact, all research, no matter how well controlled, carries the potential to be wrong. There are many reasons why research may not give good results but a common problem is deciding whether the research is really measuring what it claims to be measuring. There are 3 types of limitations of market research. These are Cost effectiveness, reliability and validity of data collected.